The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Swiss ball exercise and crunches exercise on flexibility. For the purpose of the study 30 sedentary male students from Pondicherry University were randomly selected and their age ranged between 19-22 years. Subjects were asked to assemble in the multipurpose hall in the morning hours and were given training. The subjects were hostel students and their food patterns were similar. Their life style and living condition were not taken into consideration. They were divided into three groups A, B and C with 10 subjects in each group. Group A was kept under control group (CG), group B was treated with Swiss ball exercise group (SBEG) and group C were given crunches exercise group (CEG). The subjects of group B and C underwent training for twelve weeks with the duration of 45 minutes. The training was started at 6.30 am and it was given for 6 days per week. The pre test and post test on flexibility was measured using sit and reach test. The data was statistically analysed by using ANCOVA to find out the significant difference among the three groups. The finding of the study revealed that there was a beneficial effect on flexibility for both the experimental groups when compared to the control group. The training was more effective for SBEG than the CEG

The present study investigated the effect of participation in sports on disordered eating among adoelscent school girls. For present study, 100 girls (Ave age 14.82 years) who take part in regularly in sporting events were selected as sample. To fulfil the objectives of the present study, 100 girls (Ave. age 14.62 years) with no sports participation were also selected for the present study. The selected school children were studying in various govt. and private educational institutions in and around Nagpur city. Random sampling method was used to select the data. To assess eating disorder in selected subjects, Eating Disorder Inventory prepared by Agashe and Karkare (2007) was used. Result reveals no statistically significant difference in disordered eating habits between player and non-player school girls. It was concluded that participation in sports do not trigger disordered eating in adolescent girls.

This Experimental study compared academic performance of students in class- X (ten) in one of the Bengali Medium School of rural area of Burdwan District, West Bengal , India between traditional instruction, and Computer Assisted Instruction with simultaneous discussion. The design used in this study was pre-test and post-test to control group and experiment group. Fifty students of class-x were selected and two groups were formed. Students of each group were selected randomly. Statistical data analysis was used in data analysis. Significant difference was found in the post test scores of students receiving traditional method, and CAI with simultaneous discussion. It revealed that CAI with simultaneous discussion is more effective than traditional method

The objectives of this study was to find out the relationship between Job satisfaction and Technological utilization among the faculties at the colleges of Education. The present study made an attempt to study to level of Job satisfaction, Technological utilization among the Teacher Educators on the type of intuitions and to find out the relationship between job satisfaction and Technological utilization. The survey method was adopted in this study. This study is limited to only Teacher Educators in Puducherry region alone. For this study, a sample of 50 Teacher educators from colleges of education in Puducherry were taken. Job satisfaction scale (JSS) by Dr. Amar Singh and Dr. T.R. Sharma was used to collect data. Results show that there is a positive relationship between Job satisfaction and Technological utilization among the faculties at the colleges of Education and it enhances their Teaching competency.

Customer relationship management (CRM) is a comprehensive strategy and process of acquiring, retaining and parenting with selective customers to create superior value for the company and the customers. The Indian Apparel Industry has an overwhelming presence in the economic life of the country. The retail apparel industry can be broadly classified in to organised and un organised retail apparel industry. The organised retail apparel industry can further be classified in to Exclusive Retail outlets and Multi Brand Retail outlets. This article analyses the different players in organised retail apparel industry and compares their strengths weakness opportunities and threats. This article compares the CRM strategies followed in the various organised multi brand retail outlets.

Writing a short or long piece of text effectively flawlessly, precisely, concisely, up to the point with out any ambiguity has been a major concern for the L2 learners of English in the professional world. Professional like engineers need to write business letters, reports, proposals etc as their desk as a part of their routine work. On most of these cases it has been observed that they fail to write the content of the task precisely an effectively, therefore they end up with long of piece of writing without any precision of the text and fail to communicate the core information through that to their boss or to their office.At this point of time it is highly essential for the professionals to equip themselves with excellent writing skills with out which they might not survive in their pursuits,because there is hardly any professional activity which does not require writing skills.This paper will look into the various causes of ineffective writing skills of the second language learners of English and suggests possible remedial measures to overcome it.

Michel Foucault, the magician of ideas has illuminated many shady areas of Western intellectual history. Throughout his career he kept returning to Freud and carved to formulate a counterproject to psychoanalysis. The focal point of the present paper is to figure out whether the contemporary man is actually repressed or a manifestation of confession as vouched by Michel Foucault. To delve into the binary opposition of repression/ confession the issues focused in the present paper are repressive hypothesis, sexuality and discourse.

Adolescence is a crucial stage and more so for girls. The turbulent period of adolescence brings a lot awe-inspiring challanges in front of the adolescent girls, sometimes threatening their integrity. Feeling of security is very much essential for balanced development whereas feeling of insecurity may sometimes people towards personality disintegration. The study found significant difference between the adolescent girls belonging to General Cast and Scheduled Tribe regarding feeling of security and insecurity

To increase the efficiency of solar system with the help of change shape and size of solar pennal and arrangement of solar cell. And falling of light energy absorbed by solar cells and also dependence of solar energy, efficiency of solar cell on the multireflections of light on the solar cells. We formed different-different shape and size of solar pennal efficiency of solar cell, the internal and external reflections of light occurs many times with high energetic beam of light and also efficiency increases with the help of multijunction cell by making thin films of efficient materials such as Ga ln P, As, Al, N active Ge.

“Green banking” is an effort by the banks to make the industries grow green & in the process restores the natural environment. Climate change has become a global concern as it has direct impact on biodiversity, agriculture, forestry, dry land, water resources& human health. In a globalize economy, it is the time to consider environmental policies because environmental impact might affect to the rate of return & reputation of the business in the long run. Among the business organizations, one of the major economic agent influencing overall industrial activity & economic growth is the financial institution such as banking sector. As a result, bank continuously strives to ensure that its operations are environment- friendly & discourages financing projects contrary to it. Those industries which have already become green and those, which are making serious attempts to grow green, should be accorded priority to lending by the banks. This method of finance can be called as "Green Banking". This concept of "Green Banking" will be mutually beneficial to the banks, industries and the economy. Not only "Green Banking" will ensure the greening of the industries but it will also facilitate in improving the asset quality of the banks in future. This study aims to explore the importance of Green banking & forms extensive review of related literature. However, it has found out that there has not been much initiative in this regard by the banks & other financial institutions in India. Therefore, this paper suggests possible policy measures & initiative to promote green banking in India so as to protect the environment & builds bank performance.

Gold has been used extensively for savings, investments and consumption since ages; however the importance of the gold as an investment instruments has been much talked in the recent times. This research paper intends to find various applications of gold portfolios as an alternate asset class: the benefits of including gold to an investment portfolio have been analyzed. The results indicate that gold has performed significantly better than other assets like debt and equity in both emerging and US markets. It was noted that addition of gold to portfolios helped reduce the volatility and increase overall returns during the period 2009-12. For example, in 2008, when the U.S. equity market plunged to 36.99%, gold in fact showed returns of 5.8%. It is also observed that the inverse correlation exists between the dollar index and the gold prices helped reduce the portfolio risk as a result of diversification.

Gold has been used extensively for savings, investments and consumption since ages; however the importance of the gold as an investment instruments has been much talked in the recent times. This research paper intends to find various applications of gold portfolios as an alternate asset class: the benefits of including gold to an investment portfolio have been analyzed. The results indicate that gold has performed significantly better than other assets like debt and equity in both emerging and US markets. It was noted that addition of gold to portfolios helped reduce the volatility and increase overall returns during the period 2009-12. For example, in 2008, when the U.S. equity market plunged to 36.99%, gold in fact showed returns of 5.8%. It is also observed that the inverse correlation exists between the dollar index and the gold prices helped reduce the portfolio risk as a result of diversification.

Sports is the part of our culture as well as it is a catalysis of a student as his/her learning ability of knowledge. Without sports we can't imagine the fulfillment of overall development concept. Sports is identity of a nations pride therefore it is our duty to introduce it as compulsory subject to make our student healthy wealthy & prosperous. This study dealt with to study the learning style preferences of Intermediate sports pupils in the context of their adjustment status it was delimited to the regular sports student of class CII studying in the Intermediate colleges of district teachers of Garhwal region in Uttrakhand. It is also highlighted for validating the proposition that one's learning style preferences may have a type of linkage with one's adjustment status.

Human resource management is the management of employee's skill, knowledge abilities, talent, aptitude, creativity, ability etc. different terms are used for denoting Human Resource Management. They are labour management, labour administration, labour management relationship, employee –employer relationship, industrial relationship, human capital management, human assent management etc. In simple sense, human resource management means employing people, developing their resources, utilizing, maintaining and compensating their services in tune with the job and organizational requirements Human Resource Management is also a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people and the workplace culture and environment. Effective HRM enables employees to contribute effectively and productively to the overall company direction and the accomplishment of the organization's goals and objectives.Human Resource Management is moving away from traditional personnel, administration, and transactional roles, which are increasingly outsourced. HRM is now expected to add value to the strategic utilization of employees and that employee programs impact the business in measurable ways. The new role of HRM involves strategic direction and HRM metrics and measurements to demonstrate value.Recruitment represents the first contact that a company makes with potential employees. It is through recruitment that many individuals will come to know a company, and eventually decide whether they wish to work for it. A well-planned and well-managed recruiting effort will result in high quality applicants, whereas, a haphazard and piecemeal effort will result in mediocre ones. High-quality employees cannot be selected when better candidates do not know of job openings, are not interested in working for the company and do not apply. The recruitment and selection process should inform qualified individuals about employment opportunities, create a positive image of the company, provide enough information about the jobs so that applicants can make comparisons with their qualifications and interests, and generate enthusiasm among the best candidates so that they will apply for the vacant positions. In order to attract people for the jobs, the organization must communicate the position in such a way that job seekers respond. To be cost effective, the recruitment process should attract qualified applicants and provide enough information for unqualified persons to self-select themselves out.

Labour is an important factor of production, in absence of which no single productive activity can be started. That labour comprises of both the physical as well as intellectual. But it is observed that labour is excluded from the main stream on social grounds such as class, caste, creed, ethnicity and colour and discriminated in the labour market. This deprives the opportunities of the labours in the appropriate, suitable and desirable employment, and has to sacrifice the number of gains such as salary, promotion, social security, decision making power, social status, and so and so forth. This necessitates studying the problem of social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market. It can comprise of the nature, extent, causes of the social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market. Suppose it is observed that there is a social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market, then what can be the socially inclusive labour policy. It is a well known fact that, the salient feature of the Indian labour market is social exclusion and discrimination of the labours in the labour market based on the social criteria like caste, gender, area, etc. It is therefore of vital importance to study the social exclusion and discrimination based on the social groups such as SC, ST, OBC, Others. What are its nature and its magnitude as well? Likewise, it is also necessary to examine what can be an inclusive policy to deal with the problem of social exclusion and discrimination in the Indian labour market. It is against this overall background, the present study intends to examine the social exclusion and discrimination based on the social groups such as SC, ST, OBC and Others, with emphasis on its nature and extent, and more importantly what can be inclusive policy to deal with the problem of social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market of India, for the latest study period especially in the post reforms era. The major objectives of the present research study are; to discuss the concept of social exclusion and discrimination, to examine the nature and extent of social exclusion and discrimination in the labour market of India, to suggest a socially inclusive policy for dealing with the problem of social exclusion and discrimination in Indian labour market. The present research paper is organized as; I) Introduction, II) Data Base and Research Methodology, III) Social Exclusion and Discrimination in Theoretical Perspective , IV) Nature and Extent of Social Exclusion and Discrimination in Indian Labour Market, V) Inclusive Policy on Social Exclusion and Discrimination in Labour Market of India, V) Concluding Remarks, VI) References. The present study concludes that, there is existence of the social exclusion and discrimination to a significant extent across the social groups such as SC, ST, OBC and Others, which requires a multifaceted inclusive policy to deal with this important problem.

This paper presents the functions of Information System in retailing. The retail market is a state of exponential growth. Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services for the final consumer. These activities include demand and sales forecasting, inventory management, store management, transportation etc. This paper focused on how Information System may be beneficial in retailing? Information System is the capability to electronically input process, store, and output, transmit, and receive data and information. It plays a very important role in today's business world. New technologies evolved in retailing are Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Smart Operating Solution (Smart Ops), and Point of Sale (POS) etc. The result indicates that, retail complexities may reduce with the help of Information System solutions. The right solution can result in improved productivity and major cost saving through key advantages such as more accurate supply chain, forecasting and better inventory management. Information System also help retailers to solve major problems related to customer services like customer loyalty and customer satisfaction.

An efficient method for in vitro micro propagation and genetic transformation of plants are crucial for both basic and applied research. Bananas are important staple food crops for many people in developing countries. The development of efficient and rapid regeneration protocol for elite Indian banana variety could help improve the nutritional quality characteristics and biotic or abiotic stress tolerance. A callus based regeneration of plantlets was developed for indian cultivar Purakalby using sucker as an explant. Direct somatic embryogenesis of Bananaby using BAP and IAA has not been investigated so far. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis was strongly influenced by the plant growth hormones. The somatic embryos developing directly from explant tissue were noticed after 6 d of culture. Somatic embryogenesis of a high frequency (87–96%) was observed in cultures. The results showed that the best medium for direct somatic embryogenesis was MS supplemented with 2.5 mg/l, 0.2 mg/l IAA and 2% sucrose. Subculture of somatic embryos onto hormone free MS medium resulted in their conversion into plants for all genotypes. About 95% of the regenerated somatic embryos transformed into complete plantlets. This method avoids callus tissue, the stage of regeneration which may lead to soma clonal variation. The important feature of the presented method is shortening of regeneration time, as well as the induction of a high number of multiple shoots per explants. The present protocol may provide an efficient and rapid regeneration tool to achieve more plants from single explant

A role for public relations in organizational brand messaging is proposed. An increased involvement by public relations in organizational advertising and marketing communication strategy has been the result of the consumer cynicism and loss of consumer confidence evident in the current marketplace. The merging of communication activities should also include a role for public relations in the transmission of the organization, product, or service brand. Public relations practitioners are skilled and experienced in storytelling and social media, both of which have become important tools in successful brand communication. Moreover, public relations acumen in relationship- and trust-building contributes to the organization's authenticity, another key factor in branding in the contemporary marketplace.

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is considered one of the most important commercial crops in the Arab world. A trial to obtain a natural potentially active extract with anticancer activity from the Saudi Arabia plant and more safe for human. Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) was used to evaluate MARE on mice after 24 and 48 hours of tumor inoculation at levels of (200mg/ml) as antitumor activity to show the sufficient value which causes EAC cells nonviable. The treatment with MARE did not appear a remarkable toxicity on the mice which resulting in the lowering percentage of mortality. The results indicated the life-span of mice groups after 60 days of EAC inoculated on the female Swiss albino mice. The female Albino mice with EAC (Group II), all mice died of carcinoma within 31 ± 3.46 day of inoculation; while the concurrent administration MARE plus the EAC-bearing hosts and MARE alone (Group III and IV) resulted in an increase (P < 0.001) in mean survival of the animals; maximum life-span being 53 ± 0.35 day. This significant result of mean life-span in (Group III and IV) comparing with lifespan in (Group II) confirmed the efficiency of MARE against EAC.

The main aim of this study is to construct and validate a tool for measuring the students' unrest of Higher Secondary students. For the purpose of this study, as many as 100 first year Higher Secondary students have been randomly selected and used as subjects of this study. For this purpose the researcher prepared 70 statements pertaining to the student's unrest of Higher Secondary students. These items have been classified under the following seven dimensions: School Administration, Parental concern, Peer group, Employment opportunities, Social factors, Teachers and Internal feelings.

Women with disabilities are at greater risk for victimization of 'sexual violence' or 'sexual assault' because of lack of knowledge, education and awareness of their rights and their powerless position in society. Very few cases manage to get reported and legal actions are initiated. But most of these cases that reached the courts ended in acquittal. In many cases such women are unable to comprehend or communicate about such acts of violence or assault they face. Some of the reasons behind this low conviction are common such as faulty investigation procedure and medical examination, not recording the testimony of the victim during the trial etc. But the core reason is fear of reporting and if reported the statement seldom taken seriously by the authorities. In this context the researcher focuses on sexual assault committed against women with disabilities in India, related legal issues, international legal developments such as UNCRPD, CEDAW etc and their impact on domestic law to bring reform in the existing law to prevent sexual violence

The chemical properties of soil such as pH. EC, Organic carbon, sodium and sodium carbonate N,P,K values and accumulation of micro nutrients such as boron, zinc ,manganese, ferrous and copper in soil has been an interesting and an important research thrust and was studied during the study period of September 2010 to July 2013. A study was conducted to study chemical properties and of micro nutrients as heavy metals in soil samples collected from the surface of the soil of ten tribal villages near bhandardara dam and Kalsubai peak in Ahmednagar district of maharashtra .The study stations were situated in high rainfall region. Chemical properties of soils under study changes station to station. Studied samples of soil has acidic PH and variable electrical conductivity. These soils has sufficient organic carbon, sodium carbonate and sodium values. The concentration of heavy metals was found to be just above the permissible ,standard values. The chemical properties of soil and concentration of heavy metals was studied by using standard methods in the laboratory.

Morality is only the preliminary stage on the path of purity in Buddhism. The most commonly observed set of precepts followed by the lay people are the five precepts, or the five virtues. In observing the principles of morality a Buddhist should not only regard his own self but also should have a consideration for others as well, animal not excluded. There are some who do good because it is good, Refrains from evils because it is bad. As moral teachings, it excels all other ethical systems but morality is only the beginning and not the end of Buddhism

The present study deals with the effect of cadmium chloride on the freshwater fish Ophiocephalus striatus. The DNA content in all the experimental (LC50) at 96 hrs fish reduced significantly. The order of decrease of DNA in experimental fish is observed in the following manner Kidney > Gill > Liver > Heart > Muscle. The RNA content in all the tissues of experimental ((LC50) at 96 hrs fish was significantly reduced over the control. The order of decrease of RNA in experimental fish observed in the following manner Liver > Gill > Muscle > Kidney > Heart.

Soil pollution by heavy metals is one of theglobalenvironmental problems.There are various soil remediation methods, including:physical, chemical and biological methods. Among the latter isPhytoremediation using native plants which can be potentially used.In the present study, accumulation of Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn by five native plant species growing at industrial area in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia were assessed. These are: Dipterygiumglaucum, Indigoferaspiniflora, Salsola kali, Suaedaaegyptiaca, and Zygophyllum album. Metal biological absorption coefficient (BAC), bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were calculated, therefore used to select the best acted plant of these. On one hand,results showed that someelements were found with very high total concentrations in all plants, such as Al, Fe and Zn with range of 1696-2689.67, 1903.83-3164.45 and 538.9-3564.24 mg/Kg, respectively. On the other, total concentration of Cd was the lowest with range of 18.88-54.22 mg/Kg. The concentration of metals in shoot and root were varies across the plant species. Shoot of Dipterygiumglaucum had the highest concentration of Zn (2758.81 mg/Kg) while the lowest was shown by shoot of S. kali for Cd (8.3 mg/Kg). In root parts, the highest concentration was found in S. kali for Fe (2103.49 mg/Kg) and the lowest concentration was in S. aegyptiaca for Cd (9.27 mg/Kg). The highest of BAC and TF was shown for Zn in D. glaucum, which indicated that this species is an excellent candidate to remediate Zn-polluted soils. However to treat wellsites contaminated by mixture of heavy metals, Z. album was the most suitable,since most of its BAC, BCF and TF have values greater than one.

-Board of Directors in Corporate often adopts practices which are corrupt or unethical to satisfy their personal motives. It is the duty of every member to inform to the higher authorities about such malpractices. Whistle Blowing is the voluntary release of non-public Information by a member or former member of an organisation about the immoral conduct in the organisation. The present article deals with the concept and importance of whistle blowing in an organisation. The article highlights the status of whistle blower in Indian scenario and throws light on the miserable treatment of whistle blower. The article also tries to inculcate some of the suggested remedies in whistle blower protection bill to safeguard the position of whistle blower.

India and China:- First, the outlook from a global perspective, India clearly is one of the fastest growing emerging economies of the world, next to China, having the potential to overtake China in the medium-term. Though in recent times there has been a sharp deceleration in growth of India but these are for domestic reasons rather than global compulsions. Some of the distinct advantages which India has over China are

In an era of growing competition and globalization firms are adopting various forms of collaboration with domestic and international counterparts to find a space in the global marketplace and help in strengthening their competitive advantage.strategic alliances is one of the major strategy for growth of international business firms. The present study analyses the conceptual framework of strategic alliances , various theories and motives behind formation of alliances with special reference to Indian pharmaceutical, steel and airlines industry.

Intelligence seems to have acquired a broad meaning. Thorndike talked of abstract, social and mechanical intelligence. The mind and body controversy seems to have been the concern of the philosophers. Since the days of Ancient Greece, Kane (1972) states that “evening the process of thinking in which the use of the body seems to be reduced to minimum, it is a matter of common knowledge that grave mistakes can often be traced to bad health.”

This paper presents the enhanced performance of the fuzzy gain scheduling proportional integral controller (FGSPIC) based power system stabilizer (PSS) for single machine infinite bus system (SMIBS). In this study, the SMIBS is selected owing to its easy understanding, which is really precious in generous the effect and implications of the PSS. The conventional PSS (CPSS) is created huge damping out oscillation for system during both the transient and dynamic operating regions. In order to enhance the transient and dynamic stability of the SMIBS, a FGSPIC based PSS is developed. The SMIBS with help of the designed controller is analyzed through the computer simulation using MATLAB/Simulink. The performance of the designed controller is verified at different operating regions over the traditional proportional derivative controller (PDC). The simulation results are showed that the designed controller has more effective.

The unorganised sector is a very broad area. It consists of several occupational groups of labours and needs of the unorganised sector. The rickshaw pullers also come under the unorganised sector category. They are one of the most vulnerable sections, backward, of society in need of social security.In unorganized sectors socio-economic conditions of the workers particularly the rickshaw pullers are very miserable and ridiculous. There is a no proper job, no income, no job security, in large no social security and welfare provisions, no government plan has taken into account

Socio-economic profile is an important role in characterize the social life and behavior of an individual. It is, therefore, essential to analyze the socio-economic background of the siddi tribal women and to understand the pattern of relationship between siddi tribal women and local environment. In Indian society, caste and kinship has been influencing on the social life and acute disparity in terms of standard of living and sub-culture among various groups and regions exist, a study of the socio-economic conditions of a leader would help to reveal the sociological significance. Hence, this paper is based on primary data and survey conducted in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state, to study the socioeconomic condition of siddi tribal women; especially they are representatives of Panchayat Raj Institutions in the study area.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate some effects of Digera muricata (DM) on central nervous system. The effects of Aqueous Extracts of Digera muricata (AEDM) tested with Neuropharmacological activities like acute toxicity, spontaneous motor activity, exploratory behavioral pattern, marble burying and tail suspension tests were studied in Albino mice. In acute toxicity mice were administered with AEDM and MEDM doses orally at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally respectively, were tested in mice using different standards like 4 mg diazepam/kg, 3 mg chlorpromazine and 3 mg imipramin/kg -induced sleep test. The AEDM in dosages (150 mg/kg) was found to produce a profound increase in all the behavioral activity. It also showed a marked antidepressant effect as evidenced by a significant increase in all central nervous system behavioral experiments. These obtained results showed that the extract possesses antidepressant action on CNS. The present obtained results suggest that the extract may possess anti-depressant principles with potential neuroleptic properties. These results suggest that the activity of DM may be a CNS-depressant. The results of present study have revealed that the aqueous extract of Digera muricata had excellent Neuropharmacological activities and there is a scope for further envisage.

This paper is the analytical skeleton of the backwardness of one of the most backward region of India called as KBK region of the state Odisha. The backwardness of the tribal based KBK has been analysed over two important terms i.e. poverty and inequality. All the measures of poverty and inequality have been derived over theindicator namely monthly household expenditure of the households. The latest household consumer data of National Sample Survey Office for the years 2004-05, 2009-10 and 2011-12 have been used for analysis. The comparative analysis has been made over rural and urban sectors of KBK as well as Odisha.

The enchanting village of Thiruvattar is a great spiritual centre. The place is significant for the glorious Sree Adi Kesava perumal Temple. Situated in Kalkulam taluk, Kanyakumari District, it is about fifty kilometers south of Thiruvananthapuram surface transport. Originally it was known as 'Aadi Anantapuram' or the ancient city of Ananta, it became famous later on as 'Thiruvattar'. This name came form the presence of abundance of water in the from of a swift-moving river 'Vaattar', (river of perennial waters). By virtue of the fact, that it flowed around the Sree Adi Kesava Temple, it gained for itself the honorific prefix 'Thiru'. A less popular version too prevails. It substitutes 'Vaatar' with 'Vattar', the curved 1 river, as it flows encircling the Temple. This temple is also known as Chera Naatu Srirangam.

This study is an attempt to discuss the visuospatial skills and teaching learning process. The teaching learning process depends on the skill based activities. The visuospatial skills are cognitive neuroscience aspects. Cognitive neuroscientists have begun to elucidate the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying emotional retention advantages in the how mental functions are supported by the human brain. Learning means acquiring knowledge or skills. Visuospatial skills include a wide variety of individual skills that vary from recognizing brightness/darkness, identifying complex intersecting angles and curves to recognizing faces from the shape of eyes, noses, mouths and hair. Impairment of these abilities can have a devastating effect on even simple daily functions that we take for granted. The notion of students having particular learning styles has implications for teaching strategies. Because preferred modes of input and output vary from one individual to another, it is critical that teachers use a range of teaching strategies to effectively meet the needs of individual learners.

Background: Population explosion has been India's major problem since independence. It is a major obstacle to the overall progress of the nation. Adoption of family planning methods is one of the best solutions to tackle this problem. Family planning in India is based on efforts largely sponsored by the Indian government. In the 1965-2009 period, contraceptive usage has more than tripled and the fertility rate has more than halved, but the national fertility rate is still high enough to cause long-term population growth. India adds up to 10 lakh people to its population every 15 days. Materials & Methods: Its community based cross-sectional study. The data was collected from two different Anganwadi centers in Poonamalle block of Thiruvallur district. Around 100 women who are in the reproductive age group were approached to participate in the study. But out of 100 only 40 women were provided verbal informed consent to participate in the study. Results: 64% of the women were studied more than 10th standard and the remaining 36% of the women studied below 10th standard, 71% of the women in this study were aware of the family planning methods and the remaining 29% were not aware of family planning methods 79% of the women in this study were aware that family planning services are provided free of cost at the government health care facilities & 74% of the women in the study practiced family planning for birth control, 7% of the women for birth spacing and the remaining 29% of the women are aware of reasons for using the family planning methods. Conclusion: This current study show that 71% of the women in this study were aware of the family planning methods and 74% of the women in the study practiced any one of the family planning methods. Barriers to contraceptive use in our country are related to pregnancy desire, male child syndrome, low awareness, education and availability

Aim of this research is to look for an alternative for Beef extract and peptone that are commonly employed in nutrient media in Microbiology and biotechnology laboratories. Focus is on growing microbes of commercial importance and microbes that serve as model systems for research like Aspergillusniger, Escherichiacoli and other fungal species and strains of a few Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Hence an attempt was made in the present study to use soyabean as nitrogen source instead of beef-extract and peptone. Growth response of various microorganisms was recorded and tabulated.

-Konchavaram Tanda is inhabited by Banjara community in Chincholi taluka of Gulbarga district. It was turned the attention of the world as majority of the Banjara families were selling their female babies fur money. It is noted that majority of the banjara families are living below poverty line and due to the burden or education, poverty and dowry, they are forced to sell their female babies. Hence, a survey was conducted on the reproductive health of the women in the Konchavaram Tanda by interviewing 150 Banjara married women. The study revealed that majority that is 84 (56.0%) are illiterates as they still live in unorganized sector work such as collecting wood from forests. Further, a few that is 38 (25.3%) of the banjara women are not aware about the mass media such as television, radio, etc which may able to empower the women. It is highlighted that 48 (32%) of the banjara women have never visited any hospitals during pregnancy and only 26 (17.3%) have visited the primary health centres to get the medicine during their pregnancy. It is emphasized that these banjara tribals still believe in herban medicine and as such, there is more maternal mortality.It is suggested to increase awareness among the tribals like banjaras on the reproductive health and child birth, so that the maternal mortality should be prevented. Further, there is also need to increase aware about the gender equality.

Employee empowerment is a management philosophy which gives employees the authority to take decisions about his own tasks without approval of his immediate superior. Empowerment is considered to be one of the most effective ways of enabling employees to utilise their skills and abilities to ameliorate their performance and quality of work life. In recent years the concept of empowerment has earned a great deal of attention due to the impact it has on organizational effectiveness and job satisfaction through improvement in working life. This research paper reviews the related literature on empowerment including its definition, its elements and influence it has on turnover, productivity, job satisfaction, and other elements of corporate performance. Various theoretical and empirical researches have been conducted in the past in order to examine the relationship between the above variables. The review of literature concludes that there is a positive relationship between employee empowerment and job satisfaction. An empowered worker is believed to be more satisfied in his job than a worker is doesn't enjoy autonomy, participation and power in his job. Further employee participation and employee involvement help increase employee performance in an organisation. Employee performance is measured using variables like employee productivity, reduced turnover, social climate of an organisation, employee commitment towards an organisation. It is found that all these job related factors are inter-related. An organisation to achieve competitive edge over others should employ various human resource management practices such as employee empowerment

The paper aims at reviewing the variousdevelopments of Corporate Governance in India. Corporate Governance has gained a lot of importance during 1990's by the industry association CII, as a voluntary measure to be adopted by the Indian companies. It soon acquired a momentum in early 2000 through the introduction of clause 49 and later on Ministry released a set of guidelines addressing to the same issue. Currently Corporate Governance Reforms in India are at crossroads, while there is no doubt about the good intention behind the reforms, there is a need to look for a more complete solution, evolved from within, and to craft a solution that would address the specific challenges of India. This paper provides a history of the evolution of corporate governance in India and identifies issues that are peculiar to the Indian context which are not being fully addressed till now.

Today's migrations become one of the important issues in the globe. The increasing influx of migration and the illegal migration has become a great challenge to the policy maker for both the sending and destination economy. The impact of migration on both the economy has genuine issue to be discusses, analysis and closely study. Therefore, this study reveal to quantify the migration population in Sikkim, to assess the impact on the socio-economy fabrics and to suggest the remedies had to cope up the situation amicably. This study is purely based on secondary data which is collected from Census 1991, Census 2001, Census 2011, A Statistical Profile of Sikkim 2002, State Socio-Economy Census 2006 etc. Migration has positive as well as negative impact on both the economy. Sikkim is a small state touches international boundary with least population and peace loving state. But after merge with the Indian Union the influx of migration is recorded high. Therefore, an attempt has been made to highlight the demographic pattern of Sikkim, economic activities of the migrants and their impact on Sikkim economy

August 15 is the birthday of free India. It is also the birthday of Sri Aurobindo, one of the greatest men that ever lived. He combined an intellect of the highest order with a rarely equaled spiritual force and a vision that transcended the limits of time and space.

Feminism is a movement which advocates granting the same political, social and economic rights to women as those enjoyed by men. To change the conventional image of woman constructed by the orthodox society, it is necessary to discourage the habit of defining woman as an essence whose nature is determined biologically and whose sole identity is to produce human species. The contemporary writers are still striving to provide liberation to the female world from the debilitating socio-cultural constraints and oppressive myths of their respective countries.God has made both man and woman different, but both are complement to each other. Without the cooperation and support of one, the other is helpless and incomplete as the difference made by God should not be mistaken as a difference of superior or inferior. Both the genders have their own qualities and no one is inferior to other. So every person should be treated as a complete human being accepting all individualities and differences as part of society and essential for the betterment of humanity. The major thrust is now on the 'homo sapiens', and not to discriminate among human beings on the grounds of race, class, sex, gender, color, community or ethnicity. It inculcates the concept of mutual understanding and respect, irrespective of the differences and totally based on the provision of humanity

Aim of the study was to find out the relationship anxiety and stress of sportspersons. Hypothesis: There will be no correlation between anxiety and stress of sportspersons. Sample: For the present study 100 Sample were belongings to Jalna and Aurangabad, 100 subjects were included of various games sportsmen i.e . Football, hockey, cricket, tennis and runner. The age range of subjects was 18-25 years. Purposive non-probability sampling technique was used. Tools: 1) Sports Anxiety Test (SAT) this scale was constructed and standardize by Dr. Quadri Syed Javeed. That test consists of 30 items, each item 'YES' 'NO' type alternatives. 2) Singh Personal Stress Source Inventory (SPSSI): This inventory is developed and standardized by Arun Kumar Singh. Result: Positive correlation between anxiety and stress of sportsperson

Co- operative banks are an important constituent of the Indian financial system judging by the role assigned to them, the expectations they are supposed to fulfill, their number and the number of offices they operate. The co-operative movement originated in the west, but the importance that such banks have assumed in India is rarely paralleled anywhere else in the world.

The purpose of the study was find out the efficacy aerobic fitness training with and without weight training on selected physical fitness variables among college men. Pre test and post test randomized group design was applied to this research. Forty five college men from Calcutta city were randomly selected and they were assigned into three equal groups. Each group consisted of fifteen subjects. Pre test was conducted for all the forty five subjects on selected physical fitness variables namely agility, explosive power and muscular endurance. This initial test scores formed as pre test scores of the subjects. Experimental group I was exposed aerobic fitness training with weight training (ATWWT), experimental group II was exposed to aerobic fitness training with out weight training (ATWOWT) and the control group was not exposed to any experimental training other than their regular daily activities. The duration experimental period was 12 weeks. After the experimental treatment, all the forty five subjects were measured on the selected physical fitness. This final test scores formed as post test scores of the subjects. The pre test and post test scores were subjected to statistical analysis using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significance among the mean differences, whenever the 'F' ratio for adjusted test was found to be significant, Scheffe's Post hoc test was used. In all cases 0.05 level of significance was fixed to test hypotheses. The result of the study reveals that exposed aerobic fitness training with weight training (ATWWT), was better than aerobic fitness training with out weight training (ATWOWT) on improving selected physical fitness variables namely agility and explosive power of college men .

The objective of present study was to examine the relationship between leadership, aggression and boldness of sportsmen. Participants: Total 80 subjects were selected from the sportsmen. Among them 40 subjects to be high leadership participants (M = 21.59, SD = 3.47) and 40 subjects to be low leadership participants (M = 20.38, SD = 3.12) (Leadership Test was used as scrutiny test for high leadership and low leadership). The age range of subjects where 18 to 24 years. Simple random probability sampling was used. Hypotheses 1. There will be no significant difference between high leadership sportsmen and low leadership sportsmen on dimension aggression. 2. There will be no significant difference between high leadership sportsmen and low leadership sportsmen on dimension boldness. Tools: 1. Multi Assessment Personality Series (MAPS): This scale was constructed and standardized by Psy Com. This test measure of leadership and boldness. 2. Aggression Scale (1983) (A scale):This test is developed and standardized by Km Roma Pal and Mrs. Tasneem Naqvi. (Author both tests converted in regional language (Marathi) for pilot study) Results: 1. Become high leadership sportsmen had significantly high aggressive than the low leadership sportsmen.

Migration has now come to be regarded as one of the new 'security threat' as it involves not only human and personal security and human rights issues but also has internal and international security implications. The massive influx of illegal migration from Bangladesh to India and its impact on security and other issues of national interest. This massive illegal immigration had initially resulted in demographic changes in the bordering states added socio-economic problems, communal tension in border areas and criminal offences like thefts and robberies in India. Bangladeshis migrate to India because of both 'Pull and Push factors'. There is no accurate number of such illegal aliens in India; some say there are as many as 40 million Bangladeshi Muslim migrants in India. Unless the issue of illegal migration is resolved comprehensively, it will have implications for our foreign and security policy besides being highly sensitive politically.

In Pervasive Computing, access control is a critical issue which gives many opportunities for users to access and share the resources anytime and anywhere in a more easiest way. Pervasive Computing Environments are heterogeneous and dynamic sensor-rich environments characterized by frequent and unpredictable changes on users, resources, and environment situations. These environments call the access control solutions that allow dynamic adjustments of access permissions based on information describing the conditions of these entities (context), such as location and time. Some existing models attempt to identify context information which is used as an optional attribute for limiting the scope of access control permissions. However, these approaches normally exploit identities and roles dynamically assigned to the users in order to grant access permissions, which is an inappropriate solution for open and dynamic environments. Those environments cannot assume the existence of predefined roles and user-role associations. Hence the access permissions are claimed and assigned to the users only based on context information, which characterizing the three most important entities of any access control framework: owners, requestors, and resources. Thus, this paper proposes a generalized context-based access control model for making access control decisions completely based on context information, offering seven types of context-based access control policies. The proposed model also takes into account the privacy requirements when enforcing access control policies, such as the support to purposes and obligations. In addition this paper proposes the integration of mechanism to detect / resolve dynamic and static conflict on context-based access control policies.

Rapid development is taking place in the field of mobile technology. Libraries seek sustainable ways to keep up with these changes and to best serve our users. From mobile browsers to netbooks and tablets, users are visiting websites from different devices so without wasting users time, websites should adjust with the screen of devices users are using and display the information.

The study examined the role Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health among hostelites and Nonhostelites college students. A sample consists of Hostelites and Nonhostelites college students (N=200) was collected from Ahmednagar city. The age group of Sample was 19 to 25years.Emotional intelligence Scale by Hyde, Pethe&Dhar, and mentalhealthevaluation test by Dr, C.G. Deshpande were used for data collection. Personal datasheet was also used for controlling the demographic variable of the respondents. The difference between Hostelites and Nonhostelites college students with respect to emotional intelligence and mental health was evaluated with the help of parametric test't'test.The't' value for emotional intelligence and mental health was 0.573,&5.70**respectively. The mean difference in mental health among of NonhostelitesCollegestudents is5.70 , significant at 0.01 level. The mean difference in mental health among hostelite and Nonhostelites college students is 0.573 not significant at 0.05 level. The association between emotional intelligence and mental health was evaluated by correlation analysis. The correlation coefficient between emotional intelligence and mental health was 0.153* and significant at 0.05 level. Therefore the results highlight the distinct role of emotional intelligence and mental health among Hostelites and Nonhostelites college students.

It is a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws. An SEZ is a trade capacity development tool, with the goal to promote rapid economic growth by using tax and business incentives to attract foreign investment and technology. Today, there are approximately 3,000 SEZs operating in 120 countries, which account for over US$ 600 billion in exports and about 50 million jobs. By offering privileged terms, SEZs attract investment and foreign exchange, spur employment and boost the development of improved technologies and infrastructure.

The Technical Textiles previously widely termed as "Industrial fabrics" has been now redefined and named as "Technical Textiles". The Technical Textiles offers a variety of technical and functional properties and has applications in the every field and walks of life. An important and growing part of the textile industry is the medical and related healthcare and hygiene sector

The purpose of the study was find out the isolated and combined effect of functional and grid training on selected performance related fitness and playing ability among Football players. The selected dependent variables were agility, muscular endurance and Football playing ability. To achieve the purpose sixty Football players in the age group 14 to 17 years were selected from Kolkatta city schools. The subjects were randomly selected and divided equally in to four groups as three experimental group and control group. The experimental group I was exposed to isolated functional training (IFT), group II was exposed to isolated grid training (IGT) and group III was exposed to combined functional and grid training (CFGT). The experimental training was adopted for a period of eight weeks on five days a week. The control group was not exposed to experimental treatment. The collected data were statistically analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).The result of the study reveals that the combined functional and grid training exercise was significantly better than isolated functional training exercises and isolated grid training exercises on improving agility, muscular endurance and playing ability of the Football players. Further there was no significant difference between isolated functional training exercises and isolated grid training exercises in improving agility, muscular endurance and playing ability.

-The term 'children in conflict with the law' refers to anyone under 18 who comes into contact with the justice system as a result of being suspected or accused of committing an offence. Most children in conflict with the law have committed petty crimes or such minor offences as vagrancy, truancy, begging or alcohol use. Some of these are known as 'status offences' and are not considered criminal when committed by adults. In addition, some children who engage in criminal behaviour have been used or coerced by adults. Too often, prejudice related to race, ethnicity or social and economic status may bring a child into conflict with the law even when no crime has been committed, or result in harsh treatment by law enforcement officials.

-Potassium is the principal metallic ion inside the cells. During physical activity potassium ion leaves muscle cells and this leads to fatigue. When aldosteron instructs the kidney to retain sodium ion, they generally excrete more potassium ion. The kidneys are the principal organ of excretion for potassium, not only potassium is filtered by the kidneys in the glomeruli but it is also secreted by the tubules. Chronic renal failure does not cause severe or progressive hyperkalaemia unless oliguria supervenes. Hyperkalaemia may develop rapidly if the potassium load is increased or excretory capacity is limited which cause cardiac arrhythmias, excessive sensitivity to digitalis, muscles weakness and renal damage. Hyperkalaemia is dangerous because cardiac arrest can occur when plasma potassium exceeds 7 mmol/L. The present paper includes the study of serum potassium levels of 200 patients (according to age group and sex) with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after the process of treatment and it has been compared with 50 normal healthy individuals comprising the control group

Government of India intends to provide reservation for students from the “Other Backward Classes” (OBCs) in higher educational institutions. An Oversight Committee has been appointed to monitor the implementation of the policy. The Committee considers expansion, inclusion and excellence as the moving spirit behind the new reservation policy. Several southern states such as Karnataka have been implementing reservation policies favouring OBCs in higher educational institutions. The present case study examines the extent of implementation and its effect on the performance of the students

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of plyometric exercises on dribbling and kicking ability of soccer players. To attain this aim, a total of 30 male Inter University level and National level soccer players with age ranging from 17 to 25 years were randomly selected from Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education Gwalior. For the analysis of the effect of plyometric exercise, dribbling and kicking (high drive) were selected as performance variables. The subjects performed plyometric training exercises, framed in a schedule, thrice a week at evening on alternate days. After the completion of 6 week plyometric exercises training the data on dribbling for time and kicking for distance were recorded. To compare the effect independent t-test was employed at 0.05 level of significance. It was found that a significant effect exists in dribbling as well as in kicking (high drive). Experimental group was found significantly better than control group in speed for dribbling and power for kicking (high drive).

Retail marketing is one of the crucial factors for the Indian economy under the scenario of globalization and it is one of the fastest growing sector and providing various opportunities to the society. (ASA& Associate-charted account)As an average there are 12 million retail shops available in our country. With a total retail space of about 2 billion sq. ft. About 5 million of these outlets are engaged in retailing. India is the country having the most unorganized retail market. India's huge middle class base and its untapped retail industry are the key attraction for global retail giants planning to enter into newer markets. Modern Retail has seen a significant growth in the past Billion markets. The paper theme is to analyze finer strategic perspective for the retail sector in India and suggest measures so that the corporate strategists could incorporate the same both qualitatively and quantitatively. The Indian retail market is estimated to exceed US$ 750 billion by 2015, according to the India Retail Report 2013 (IRIS Research), presenting a strong potential for foreign retailers planning to enter India. India's modern retail business which currently accounts for only about 5% of the country's annual retail business, along the way, the modern retail business will create about 1.6 million jobs in the next five years. Modern retailers will not only create employment opportunities but also would help raise India's overall economic productivity and could also result in lowering prices of good. There are two aspects of retail marketing i.e. Store Retailing and Non-store Retailing. Store Retailing as the departmental store, which is a store or multi brand outlet, offering an array of products in various categories under one roof, trying to cater to not one or two but many segments of the society and Non store retailing as the direct selling, direct marketing, automatic vending.

In this paper, operations of mutual fund,. In this paper, the investors yield low or high returns as compared with bank and fixed deposits and investors invest for tax benefit in mutual funds have been studied. For measuring various phenomena and analyzing the collected data effectively and efficiently for drawing sound conclusions, t- test has been used and for analyzing the various factors

The author had discussed the concept of religion in reference to Islamic Theology in detailed to understand its origin and development among the other philosophical views in regards to different religions. The origin and inspiration of philosophy in Islam are quite different from those of Islamic theology.

The paper is an attempt to study the genesis of the linguistic identity in Assam during the colonial period which was shaped by the migration and the colonial policies. This also made an attempt to study that how the 'Assamese language' became a prominent symbol of sub-national identity in Assam and how it was influenced by the migrants who adopted 'Assamese' as their mother tongue. The paper will further discuss, how the reorganisation of Province of Assam let to the genesis of stronger linguistic identity in Assam.

Distance Education known by different names across the globe literally means learning at distance. In distance learning both teacher and learner are separated in space and time. It builds capability in an individual to go for lifelong learning. India accommodates over 1.21 billion people of different socio- economic, biological and religious backgrounds. Imparting formal education to ever one is not only difficult but impossible. Distance education is not only perceived as driving force in imparting skills down to marginalized section of society but considered an instrument to provide technically competent and economically competitive work force and will help India in emerging a major player in global economy. Lakhs of people in India, who for variety of reasons find it difficult to enroll themselves in institutions demanding physical presence, find the alternative in distance education. Distance learning appears promising to redress social, economic and educational inequalities in Indian context. However there are various challenges in the way to achieve the target and make learning a lifelong process. The paper argues there are several challenges in distance education which are being encountered in Indian context.This paper attempts to look distance learning as a process of lifelong learning. Attempts have been made to ascertain the promises of distance learning and dig out the challenges in distance education.

In the past few years, social networking websites such as Facebook and Myspace become very popular. The usage rage of social networking websites even exceeds that of Google. Followed by the popularity is many potential networking threats. How to prevent and improve these threats to avoid their expansion has become a major challenge. This paper categorizes social networking websites into three main structures: The social network (SN), the network application service (NAS) and the communication interface (CI). We propose a real-time website security protection mechanism based on the concept of proxy. The client side transmits information to the social networking website through proxy. The main function of the proxy is to detect and determine the security threats of the website. These threats include web-based malware, phishing websites and malicious connection.

This paper focuses the Socio-Economical condition of child rag pickers and their health aspects, spending and earning pattern of child rag pickers in Akola city of Maharashtra State, India. The finding shows that majority of Rag pickers are suffering from ill health and are having bad habits such as tobacco-chewing (Gutka) and consumption of alcohol. All most all the rag pickers are working to supplement income for their family. Majority of them earn below Rs. 51 per day and their entire major spending is on unproductive items. Illiteracy, poverty, indebtedness of their family are the main causes for the poor children opting for rag picking activity, which has become one of the important social problems.

In this paper, operations of mutual fund,. In this paper, the investors yield low or high returns as compared with bank and fixed deposits and investors invest for tax benefit in mutual funds have been studied. For measuring various phenomena and analyzing the collected data effectively and efficiently for drawing sound conclusions, t- test has been used and for analyzing the various factors

The main objective of this paper is to design a system which will have small speed ripple and also produces fast response of switch reluctance motor (SRM) for various speeds , magnetic flux and current by means of PID fuzzy logic controller. The speed of motor is get increased by means of reducing the torque value and also by means of ripple content. The SRM will haves a PI fuzzy logic controller and a derivative part. The developed novel PID-like fuzzy logic controller (FLC) maintains a constant electromagnetic torque. This study will increase performance of the motor and produce fast response.

Hospital waste becomes a big issue regarding to human health and serious environmental implications . Collection transpiration and disposal of hospital waste is unscientific. Hospital waste disposal is also become an important problem. Due to lack of proper segregation practises and lack of proper training to the hospital staff this problem become more complicated. Every day relatively large amount of potentially infectious and hazardous waste is generated in health care hospitals. Which may create harmful diseases in human being? This paper throws a light on need of hospital waste management.

The main thrust of the study was to ascertain if directing and coordinating aredeterminants of job performance among coaches in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The study seesdirecting is the function of guiding, inspiring, overseeing and instructing people towards accomplishment of organizational goals while co-ordination is the unification, integration, synchronization of the efforts of group members so as to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common goals. The sample for this study was made up of one hundred and thirty (131) coaches and sports administrators.The instrument for data collection is the researcher-designed questionnaire on administrative tasks determinants otherwise called (QATD) (See Appendix II).The questionnaire is divided into two sections, A&B. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation and inferential statistic of student t-test were used to analyse the data collected. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The two hypotheses tested at .05 level of significance were accepted as there was no significant difference found. It was concluded that both directing and coordinatimgfunctions carried out by sports administrators are determinants of job performance of coaches in Abuja. It was also recommended that directing and coordinating functions should always be effectively carried out by sports administrators as that has been found as a determinant of job performance of coaches in Abuja.

The indirect employment effects of the industry are extensive because there has been significant increase in the economic activity in the whole region due to establishment of the industry. Hence, the indirect employment effect has been particularly covered in the study. With the establishment of the Shri Siddheshwar Co-Operative Sugar Industry indirect employment is generated in to two sectors namely the agricultural sector and the tertiary sector. Here, the tertiary sector broadly includes the business units and other institutions, which come into existence after the setting up of the industry.

MSRTC serves the role of lifeline across the state of Maharashtra. Over past 65 years of its existence, it has proved to be a dependable mode of transportation in every niche and corner of the state. It is providing services in most of the rural areas of the state. The network of MSRTC in the Kolhapur division is spread all over the district and it is much helpful to the passengers in rural areas. But the services provided by them are not up to the mark. Except continuous services other services are not reliable as per the passengers' view, while in tangible all the facilities provided by the MSRTC are need to be improvement. Hence, the authorities of MSRTC should take some lead to improve these kinds of facilities to attract more and more passengers towards them in this competition era.

Women, constituting the half of the nation are still in social bondage and suffer a lot in the society. Much has happened to raise the educational and social situation of women at the level of policy and rhetoric but perhaps more effort is needed to translate intentions into concrete action to remove the policy performance gaps and the distance between the textual and the contextual position of women. There has been expansion of educational facilities at all levels of education and girls have benefited, especially the urban girls. The post NPE efforts in the area of girls' education appear to be giving positive results, a major yardstick being sharp increase in female literacy levels and greater retention and transition of girls to successive higher levels of education. In spite of all these, women in India have not been able to take full advantage of their rights and opportunities in practice for various reasons. This paper will try to analyze the concept, women empowerment by incorporating all divergent views with sufficient logical reasoning. It will also explain the problems faced and the possibilities ahead in achieving women empowerment through education. “If you educate a man you educate an individual, however, if you educate a woman you educate a whole family. Women empowered means mother India empowered”. ---PT. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU

The purpose of this study is physical education and sports are essential for overall development of an individual. In the physical education and sports we will find description of some of many exciting careers in physical education and sports. A wide range of careers prospect exists for student of physical education. Physical education is presently one of the best jobs generating professional area. There are many areas where we can get the service physical education experts. Thus the Bachelor of Arts in physical education provides a solid foundation preparing you to pursue a variety of careers. Today physical education professionals have a very important role to play in the future of health of our nation and the world.

The primary aim of the study is to analyze the impact of human resource management practices on customer satisfaction in public and private sector banks. The result of the study reveals that both in public and private sector banks combined together, the officers have moderate perception, clerical and sub staff have low perception about overall human resource management practices of the banks. Similarly, officers in public and private sector banks have moderate perception and clerical and sub staff revealed low perception. It can be inferred from the study that all officers in the public and private sector banks are moderately satisfied with the overall human resource management practices whereas clerical and sub staff have expressed very low satisfaction with the overall human resource management practices practised by the banks. The study further revealed that the private sector banks provide better service quality when compared to public sector banks in the study area. The study further revealed that the private sector banks provide better service quality when compared to public sector banks in the study area. There is a significant association between human resource management practices and service quality dimensions such as tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and overall customer satisfaction. It is evident that all human resource management practices are highly contributing to the enhancement of customer satisfaction of the sample bank.

The Indian Constitution, envisages the ideal of creating a just and fair social older in the country. However, the constitutional ideals do not match with the social realities and half of the Indian population. A glaring example of this is that women have remained oppressed for ages. The Indian women, at times immortalised as goddess, never found their rightful place in society or even in family. They are treated as mere tools to bear the burdens of the family restricted to the role of bearing children and fulfilling duties of a wife or a mother only. Division of labour is not in their favour. As a result, Indian women have lost their identity. They have to face discrimination on gender basis and because of this, availability of equal opportunity for progress remains a dream to them. Poverty, illiteracy, lack of health and inequality of class of status and powerlessness are associated with them. Weight of traditional attitudes that regard them as physically, intellectually and socially inferior to man, subject them to male exploitation and unjustified division of labour. A society, where women, i.e., the half of the population, enjoy a low status, cannot be said egalitarian. The low status of women in Indian society is primarily due to the fact that they have no control over material and social resources. This is further compounded by lack of participation opportunities in the decision-making process of the family.

Present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship of the maximum strength with explosive strength and agility performance. 24 male students of …. School were taken as subjects. For measuring the maximum leg strength the subjects were tested on the leg dynamometer. For analyzing the explosive leg strength standing broad jump and for measuring agility10 meter shuttle run test was used.the subjects performed all the testing protocol under the supervision of trained personals. The relationship was analyzed by applying Pearson's product moment correlation. The level of significance was set at 0.05.The results of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the maximum strength and explosive strength at 0.05 level of significance. But the agility performance is not significantly related to the maximum strength as the p value is greater than the 0.05 level of significance.

The Rebellion of 1857 in India continued for more or less two years ultimately came to an end after mass level execution of the revolutionaries. However, the Indian Ulema, who were in front for the whole period of the Rebellion, and even many decades before its outbreak, continued their struggle in the 2 frontier areas adjoining to Afghanistan. They occupied the Malka1 and Ambeyla, and in alliance of the frontier tribes, gave tough resistance to the British forces. They recruited their fighters from the Muslim cities in the Punjab, Bihar, and Bengal. The Ulema of the plain areas supplied them men and money to carry on Jihad against the British. The British forces became victorious over the mountains and started a suppressive measure in the plains of India. A number of leaders were condemned to death, subsequently commuted to transportation for life on the Andaman Islands, and others sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. In these suppressive measures Maulana Mohammad Jafar Thanesari was also arrested and charged for assisting the revolutionary Ulema in frontier areas of Afghanistan's border by supplying money to wage war against the British. The Ambala trial was held in 1864 by Sir Herbert Edwardes, before whom eleven prisoners were brought including Maulana Mohammad Jafar Thanesari.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of performing a well-designed warm up protocol with different intensities i.e. high intensity warm-up (HIW), low intensity warm up (LIW) and no warm up (NW). For the purpose of study --- active male players of various games were selected as participants. The subjects underwent the warm up protocols with all the three conditions dispersed by a gap of three days and performance on fitness variables i.e. agility(10m shuttle run test), leg strength (leg dynamometer) and flexibility (sit and reach test) were taken. The exercises included in warm up protocol were controlled in the terms of their intensity by fixing their number of repetition or duration of exercise. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant difference between the HIW and LIW in terms of agility performance (p<0.05) and the LIW and NW also differ significantly in terms of their flexibility performance (p<0.05). It is concluded that HIW is better than LIW in strength and agility performance as compare to LIW and NW. But LIW is also significantly better than the NW condition.

The concept of health and well-being has recently gained increased attention and has emerged as an important area of research in organizational behaviour literature. The purpose of the present research was to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and organizational commitment in executives. Using psychometrically sound instruments to measure psychological well-being and organizational commitment on executives, the primary data for the study was generated. Data analysis revealed that there is a significant positive relation between psychological well-being and organizational commitment in executives. The meaning of this result and implications of this finding are discussed in this study.

Research in any discipline does not occur in a vacuum. For any research endeavour there are antecedent studies on the topic of interest. A feature of studies of research in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education is that it is highly localised in terms of its empirical bases. Most of universities or colleges, now, believe that it is essential to include mathematics courses in the curriculum of biology department. This study aim at exploring to what extent biology department students are successful in comprehending mathematical concepts. Result can be interpreted as follows: “Biology department students find it difficult to comprehend an abstract concept, but they are more successful in solving concrete problems. This situation might be also the reason why these students have chosen biology department, a field not closely related to mathematics. Therefore, it might be more logical to teach this course in such a way that students can figure out the abstract structure of mathematics with the help of concrete problems.

Abundant, clean water is necessary for good health. Water pollution is a community problem. It is necessary not to let the industrial waste to find its way to natural waters (rivers, canals and seas) without proper treatment. There should not be any accumulation of garbage and excreta near a river or any source of water. This is to avoid any chance of the garbage flowing into the river during the rains. Dead bodies of humans and animals should not be thrown into the rivers. Bathing and washing near the river should be avoided. The water of rivers and lakes should be purified from time to time. Such a project should be undertaken by the industries and the government. The Ganga Purification Project is one of the projects undertaken by the Indian Government for the purification of the river Ganga. Also an attempt should be made to use those chemical fertilizers and pesticides that will decay on their own or get decomposed compounds. Substances that decay naturally are called biodegradable. A biodegradable compound can be broken down by bacterial action. Soap is a biodegradable compound. Pollution of existing water sources cause acute water shortage. We must protect our natural sources of water. We must find more efficient ways of producing fresh water from sea-water.

The area of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic has very high biodiversity. High level of diversity of relief, landscape, climatic conditions, flora and fauna always attracted researchers. From geological point of view this south-east end of Lesser Caucasus as part of formation of Western Asia hotbed has high level of endemism of its flora and fauna. Along with that representatives of other zoogeographical regions arrived here [10,12,13,15]. It was especially noticeable in results of research of A. Khanmammadov [3] of Nakhchivan ornithofauna. Throughout this the big part of area of Nakhchivan AR was included in one from priority corridors of Caucasus Ecoregional Hotspot. We have although scientific data about ornithofauna of Nakhchivan AR only from the end of XIX century [11,8,14,17,19]

The present paper is an attempt to analyse spatial patterns of literacy and crime rate in Rajasthan. The entire study is based on secondary sources of data collected from Census of India, Rajasthan, Jaipur and State Crime Record Bureau Rajasthan, Jaipur for the year 2011. The boundary of the district has been taken as a unit of the study. The study reveals that the level of literacy steadily increases from low to medium grade and from medium to high grade from west and south western parts towards the east and north eastern parts in the state of Rajasthan and more or less similar pattern has been followed by the crime rate in the state.Therefore there is a positive correlation between literacy and crime.

Climate change has become an issue which touches upon all sphere of influence of life. To struggle the problem understanding the perceptions of all that have a stake in it provides with stronger ground for decision making. India is the country that is or going to be severely affected by climate change. India is faced with the challenge of sustaining its rapid economic growth while dealing with the global threat of climate change. This threat arises from collected greenhouse gas productions in the atmosphere, anthropogenically generated through long-term and intensive industrial growth and high consumption lifestyles in developed countries. The solution of which comparatively depends on how its key decision makers perceive the problem. The paper deals with the impact of climate change on global warming. The results of data analysis reveal that most identified rainfall variability, declining hydrology and increasing temperature as manifestations of climate change, and emissions reduction and forest protection as its key solutions.

A mutual fund is professionally managed type of collective investment scheme that pools money from investors and invests their money in bonds, short term money market instruments and other securities. Mutual funds have a fund manager who invests the money on behalf of the investors by buying\selling stocks, bonds etc .Mutual fund serve as key financial intermediary. They pools investments by individual investors and use the funds to accommodate financing need of government and corporations in the primary market. They also frequently invest in secondary market. Due to tremendous growth of Mutual fund industry it has gained the interest of investors as well as researchers. The aim of this study is too see the trends in Indian Mutual Funds industry and also to see its growth path in the recent years.

This processes to prepare the product to fallow the step by step procedures are pattern making is the first stage for developing a new casting .this pattern is typically constructed from teak wood and the mould is formed in a mould box, which is typically constructed in two halves to assist in removing the pattern, by using electric induction furnace to prepare the molten metal this metal preparation to mix the correct proposition of alloys. Molten metal is Transferred from the furnace to a ladle and held until it reaches the desired Pouring temperature. The molten metal is poured into the mould and allowed to solidify. So finally cooling and fettling and dressing, shakeout processes uses.To find the defects in stone crusher castings are top body and bottom body defects are in inspection methods magnetic particle inspection, ultrasonic test and radiographic testing defects are finding the existing processes.

Software Industry is one of the challenging Industries in the global arena that influence the economy worldwide. There are several resources involved in software Industry, but the vital resource is Human Resource. Supervising the Human Resource and Developing was the major challenge for this Industry. HRD Practices followed in this Industry have direct influence on their growth, so it was necessary to understand and analyze the HRD Practices involved in it. To study HRD Practices a brand new set of questionnaire designed, for that several levels of discussions were carried out among the HR Managers and Executives, then statements for HRD Practices designed based on the discussions. Then pilot study conducted among the hundred IT employees through survey methodology. Collected data was uploaded in Statistical tool (SPSS) and Factor Analysis done for the data. Then questionnaire statements were categorized into twelve different groups and each group have three to five statements which were identified as components of the main variable (HRD Practices). Then reliability and validity study of the questionnaire was ensured. The questionnaire statements were deployed in survey website and website address was sent to employees to attend the survey. Then for the twelve HRD Practices components factor analysis was done and classified which were explained in the result and discussion with suitable interpretation

-The nature of children's leisure time pursuits has changed dramatically over the last few decades. Earlier children used to spend much of their leisure time engaged in active outdoor or indoor play. The importance of physical activity for the physical, mental and social health of youth is definite, and therefore it is vitally important that efforts are made throughout the world to reintroduce physical activity into our adolescents. Physical fitness is now-a-days considered one of the most important health markers, as well as a predictor of morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease and for all causes. There is strong evidence of a significant decline in the level of physical activity during early adolescence, especially in low socio-economic status groups. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of regional diversity on physical fitness parameters and health awareness of students studying in the high schools of Karnataka State. Subjects for the study were eight hundred secondary school attending boys studying in eighth and ninth grade of Karnataka state. All the subjects selected for this study were tested for physical fitness by using AAHPERD Youth Fitness test battery including six tests. Data on physical fitness was collected by the researcher with the help of trained assistants. Fifth percentile was located at the lowest score in the data, from which the percentile table was constructed and hundredth percentile was placed at the highest score. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was utilised for the purpose of statistical calculations. Percentile scale was thus constructed for the purpose of preparation of physical fitness norms for school going adolescent boys. The highest performance score and the lowest performance scores for each physical fitness component were quoted in the present study.

India has the decision of globalize its economy in 1991. Since then government have taken many steps to liberalize, privatize and globalize the economy. Indian economy is being integrated with world economy. India joined WTO in order to integrate domestic economy with world economy. Agricultural sector is the backbone of the Indian economy, 62% workforce is employed in agricultural sector. Globalization are actually accepted in agricultural sector from the year 1995. In order to implement the final act of Uruguay Round Agreement of GATT, the world trade organisation WTO was came into force on January, 1995. In this paper attempts has been made to know the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture. The annual rate of growth in agriculture was 2.8% which has to increased upto 3.8% during 2004-08. The impact on private investment in agriculture sector has shows in increasing trends and the public investment has in decline trends in the globalisation period.

India, the world's second most populous country, has experienced a dramatic demographic transition in the past 50 years, entailing almost a tripling of the population over the age of 60 years (i.e., the elderly) (Government of India, 2011). As there is increase in the elderly population it results in number of problems. The healthcare and care giving problems are major problems when compared with the other problems. Health is the single most important determinant of the quality of life among elderly. The health status of the elderly is determined by the economic, social, psychological and physiological factors. With advancing age, ill-health becomes a major hindrance for the well-being of the elderly and affects the daily activities. The vulnerability, helplessness among the older population is due to the economic dependency. They need to inevitably depend on their young ones in their later life. Thus, the present paper addresses the effects of poverty and social inequities on elderly health care and well being.

Empowerment in the context of women's development is a way of defining, challenging and overcoming barriers in a woman's life through which she increases her ability to shape her life and environment. It is an active, multidimensional process, which should enable women to realize their full identity and power in all spheres of life. India envisions a future in which Indian women are independent and self-reliant. It is unfortunate that because of centuries of inertia, ignorance and conservatism, the actual and potential role of women in the society has been ignored, preventing them from making their rightful contribution to social progress. Women must be empowered by enhancing their awareness, knowledge; skills and technology use efficiency, thereby, facilitating overall development of the society. The concept of Self Help Groups (SHGs) is proving to be a helpful instrument for the women Entrepreneurship. SHG is an organization of rural poor, particularly of women that deliver micro credit to undertake the entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurship development and income generating activities are a feasible solution for empowering women. It generates income and also provides flexible working hours according to the needs of homemakers. Economic independence is the need of the hour. Participation in income generating activities helps in the overall empowerment of women. Thus to investigate the empowerment of women through entrepreneurial activities of self help groups, this particular research was conducted with the specific objective to investigate the empowerment.

The present study was conducted to examine the awareness among parents belonging to economically weaker sections of society regarding Right to Education Act (2009) . The sample of study consisted of 360 parents drawn from three different regions-Doaba, Majha, Malwa of Punjab state. Self-prepared questionnaire was used to collect the data. The study revealed that there was no significant difference in mean scores of awareness regarding right to education among parents of different region. Moreover, parents residing in urban area and literate had significantly higher awareness than living in rural area and illiterate parents.

Pulses area and production in India data for the period of 1950-51 to 2011-12 were analyzed by time series methods. Auto Correlation Function (ACF) and Partial Auto Correlation Function (PACF) were calculated for the data. Appropriate Box-Jenkins Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was fitted. Validity of the model was tested using standard statistical techniques.ARIMA (1, 1, 0) and ARIMA (2, 1, 1) model were used to forecast area and production in India for four leading years. The results also shows area forecast for the year 2015 to be about 26.74 thousand hectare with upper and lower limit 30.53 and 22.96 thousand hectares respectively. The model also shows Pulses production forecast for the year 2015 to be about 15.51 thousand tonnes with upper and lower limit 18.47 and 12.54 thousand tonnes respectively

Sexual dysfunctions are characterized by disturbance in sexual desire and in the psycho-physiological changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked distress and personal difficulty. The paraphilias are characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies or behaviors that involve unusual objects, activities or situations and cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning. Sexual disorders consist of both the sexual dysfunctions and paraphilias

This Paper proposes closed loop controlled interleaved high voltage gain Continuous Conduction mode (CCM )boost converter for load and source disturbance to achieve regulated DC output voltage. The high voltage gain of proposed interleaved boost converter is achieved by use of input coupled inductor .The voltage stress between the switch is reduced by retrieval of leakage energy from coupled inductor. The proposed boost converter has been examined under various scenarios such as voltage stress across the switch, conduction loss. The analysis of high voltage gain boost converter was made under Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) of operation. Hence the interleaved CCM boost converter reduces voltage stress the switch and increases the voltage gain. The interleaved high voltage gain boost converter output voltage is regulated by using closed loop PI controller with load and source disturbance. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed converter using MATLAB simulink software

The present trend of tariff collection suffers from inefficient system of Billing and collection in the way of waiting of valuable manpower. So our aim is to overcome these problems with the introduction of automatic power reading and send to electric board for automatic E billing through the SMS using GSM phone. It will also send if power theft is going on any building the GSM MODEM will send the SMS to the electric board automatically a new approach to tariff collection. The rate at which electrical energy is supplied to a consumer is known as tariff. This GSM modem is fitted inside the consumer's home, before the energy meter. If it is found OK then his total units consumed is started counting and accordingly his units are determined. At he same time his home gets power supply through Energy Meter, after total power consumption reaches and it count and sent to concerned department for billing.The proposed on-line monitoring system integrates a global service mobile (GSM) modem, with stand alone single chip microcontroller and sensor Packages. It is installed at the distribution transformer site. If there is any Abnormality or an emergency situation the system sends SMS (short message Service) to designated mobile telephones containing information about the abnormality

The present study seeks to measure the relationship between identity statuses and self esteem of higher secondary students. The normative survey method has been followed for the present study. The samples of the study were 800 adolescents' students studying higher secondary in Cuddalore District of Tamilnadu, India. The sample includes 410 boys and 390 girls. The random sampling technique has been followed for the present study. The ego-identity scale constructed and validated by investigator and self esteem scale standardized by Anne Betts (1995) has been used for the present study. The findings of the study indicate that the self esteem is negatively correlated with identity diffusion. It further indicates that the self esteem is positively correlated with identity achievement. There is no significant correlation between self esteem and the identity statuses such as, identity foreclosure, and identity moratorium.

A trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementations of Spirulina platensis on broiler performance, Hematology and organs weights. Two hundred 1-d-old Broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments, consisting of 2 replicates of 25 birds each. Commercial mash starter and finisher diets were supplemented with 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of Spirulina platensis. The Body Weights, Feed Conversion Rate, Hematology, Carcass yield percentage were significantly increased by the dietary inclusion of the 1% of Spirulina platensis as compared the control fed broilers. In conclusion, 1% of Spirulina platensis supplementation significantly increased Body weight, decreased Feed Consumption Ratios and improves the Blood Parameters. The Spirulina platensis offers a good alternative to improve poultry production.

Any monarch must introduce some rules for governing his Kingdom and if those rules are a pt the administration will be improved. The Mughal administration was based on this Mansabdari system though it cannot be remarked that this system was faultless. Before Akbar administration basing on Raj put Mansabdar system existed. Mughal emperor Akbar vast introduced the Raj put Mansabdari system. Later on the next Mughal emperors made some necessary changes in this system but still then this system could not be come flawless. The durability of any monarchy depends mainly on its administrative structure. The Rajput Mansabdari system played an important role in the destruction of the Mughal Empire. The study of special role of rajput mansabdars in period of Shahajahan. therefore, is as important as the study of the Indian history, its religion and society, its glory and grandeur. It is in this background that the present paper seeks to portray the mughal administration under the Shahajahan period. In this Article an attempt has been made to probe the organization, maintenance, divisions, and Rajput-Mughal co-relation of Shahajahan period.

The ultrasonic velocity , density and viscosity values have been measured experimentally in the binary mixture containing quinoline and p-xylene at different temperatures T(=303.15, 308.15,313.15 and 318.15)K over the entire range of composition. This experimental data have been *E used to calculate the excess Gibb's free energy function (G ).The results have been qualitatively used to explain the molecular interactions between the components of the liquid mixture.

Education is a basic need of every society. A better education system can enhance the social, scientific, and technological improvement of a country. The human resource development of a country depends upon the quality of education imparted in country. Higher education is recognized today as a capital investment and is of paramount importance for economic and social development of the country (Barnet, 1990). Institutions of higher education have the primary responsibility for equipping individuals with advanced knowledge and skills required for positions of responsibility in government, business, and other professions (Mughal & Manzoor, 1999).

Effluents form Textile industries are the major sources of environmental pollution. The present study represents the characteristics of effluent form Textile industries. Water samples were collected from effluent. The periodic physicochemical analysis of effluent to access the quality of effluent has been carried out. The diversity in composition of chemical reagents used in textile industries contributes too much of the water pollution. The reagents range from inorganic compounds to polymers and organic products. The parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, TDS, BOD, COD, DO chlorides and hardness of the water have been studied using standard protocol. Alum is both a specific chemical compound and a class of chemical compounds. The specific compound is the hydrated potassium aluminium sulfate with the formula - Al (SO 4)2·18 H O

This Paper attempts to explore the Core relations exist between service quality Attributes, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the retail banking sector. Through Simple Random sampling with sample size of 203 retail banking customers was drawn from different banks in Chennai city, Tamilnadu. As like the hypothesis proposed, all the service quality attributes are positively related to customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction is positively related to customer loyalty in the retail banking. Responsiveness demonstrates the highest positive correlation with customer satisfaction and Assurance shows the least positive correlation with customer satisfaction. Also interesting results were interpreted by finding the association between certain imperative variables.

The main objective of present study is to present review of literature related to capital budgeting decisions and to study the trends in using the capital budgeting techniques in depth. The study would facilitate the reader to know the past, current and future trend of capital budgeting techniques by the corporate houses. This study would provide guidelines to decision makers to make investing and financing decisions so that their profit get maximise at minimize risks.The secondary purpose of this study is to understand the rationale behind capital budgeting decisions. Whether such kinds of decisions affect the efficiency of the corporate houses. Efficiency either in terms of increase in revenue or decrease in costs of the operations. The benefits from large investments are received in some future period and the future is uncertain. For instance, a decision to acquire an asset that is going to last for 15 years requires a15-year forecast. A failure to forecast correctly will lead to serious errors which can be corrected only at a considerable expense. Future revenue involves estimating the size of the market for a product and the expected share of the firm in that. These estimates depend on a variety of factors, including price,advertising and promotions, and sales effort and so on. To what extend these estimates effect the quality of capital budgeting decisions is the more sophisticated way to explain the main objective of this study.

The study focused on staffing and delegation of duty as determinants of job performance among football club coaches in F.C.T. Abuja.The study ascertained the extent to which staffing and delegation of duty as determinants of job performance among football club coaches in Abuja as perceived by coaches and sports administrators in the area. The sample for this study was made up of one hundred and thirty (131) coaches and sports administrators.The instrument for data collection is the researcher-designed questionnaire on administrative tasks determinants otherwise called (QATD).The questionnaire is divided into two sections, A&B. Section A, consists of one item, demanding the personal data of the respondents. Section B, composed of staffing and delegation of duty as the determinants job performance. The data collected was subjected to descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation and inferential statistic of student t-test. The analysis showed that both Coaches and Sports Administrators agreedthat staffing and delegation of dutyto a high extent determine the job performance of Coaches in FCT, Abuja.

The understanding about status of women in India and their empowerment needs to also take into account the contribution of Buddhism towards their emancipation.This paper traces the changes in the status of women in India from the pre-buddhist times to the current .Social reformers and constitution maker were influnced by the Buddhist ideology of equality and spiritual development of women ,which reveals through their social reform activities aimed at women's empowerment.Researchinpsychology has proved that the self concept and self identity of anindividual affects their achievements and wellbeing. Buddhism has played an important role in enhancement of psychological well –being and success of women till current time.

Organized retail, which is about 17% of the market, is expanding rapidly at 20% per year. This is driven by the emergence of large retail outlets and shopping malls. Research shows that another reason for the boom in organized retail is the emergence of middle class, which as of today is close to 300 million people – showing a growth of nearly 2% a year.HR is steadily moving up the value chain and becoming a critical stakeholder for the Industry. The dynamic nature of this market has made availability of talent indispensable for survival. The need for focused talent attraction, development and retention strategies has made it imperative for HR, traditionally seen as a support function in retail, to step up and take on a more strategic role. For HR to integrate with the Business as a strategic function we need to be clear on the Strengths and Opportunities that HR can build upon and simultaneously be aware of Weaknesses and Threats that can pose new challenges to HR in the retail industry.

Nowadays the business world is changing at a faster and faster pace. The reasons given for this is globalization, highs IT investments and the rapid pace of technological change in combination with escalating costs of research and development. The role of information technology (IT) has shifted over the last decades to become an important part of how companies manage and control their resources.

SAARC countries are a large regional block with huge potential but achievement in regional cooperation so far is insignificant. The results show that the region is engaged in trade with the outside world and not within the economies of the region. India's trade with SAARC countries is not very impressive. SAARC countries need to have adequate physical infrastructure. Trade policy of SAARC countries, need to ensure that SAFTA ensures trade creation rather than trade diversion from the region as observed by many researchers. It is also noticed that while trade promotes growth, GDP growth also attract more participation in international trade.

The purpose of this study was to investigate specific factors associated with job satisfaction and dissatisfaction of male and female physical education teachers working at different levels in schools. For a number of years, also teacher job satisfaction has been recognized as extremely important for implementing any type of education reform, for involving the teacher in life-long learning, for the quality of the teaching-learning process, and for satisfaction with life in general. In addition, a profile of satisfied and dissatisfied physical education teachers was constructed. The research was to study the physical education teacher job satisfaction is a multifaceted construct that is crucial to teacher commitment, teacher retention, and school effectiveness. Physical education teacher satisfaction is also an essential link in the chain of education reform. Physical education teacher satisfaction influences job performance, and eventually student performance.METHOD: Data was collected through a questionnaire called "The Physical education Curriculum and Teachers Work Questionnaire", which consists of both open-ended and more structured questions and attitude scales. The data analyses consisted of chi-square statistics, t-tests and one-way ANOVA's. Percentages and frequencies were also calculated.RESULTS: The results showed that five sources of job satisfaction were found: interaction with students (55%), multifaceted work (50%), professional success (39%), professional autonomy (34%), and interaction with colleagues (22%). Sources of dissatisfaction included poor working conditions (34%), work under pressure of time 29%, student misbehavior (32%), large class sizes (23%) and lack of resources (12%). CONCLUSION: Job satisfaction among physical education teachers has received relatively little attention. More research and discussion about physical education teachers' job satisfaction and working conditions is needed

Insurance is a social device. The Indian life insurance industry has its own origin and history, since its inception. It has passed through many obstacles to attain the present status. The income earning capacity of an individual citizen of a nation, the eagerness and awareness of general public are the two key determinants of growth of any insurance industry. Really Insurance is a social devise where uncertain risks of individuals may be combined in a group and thus made more certain-Small Periodic contributions by the Individuals provide a found out of which those who suffer losses may be reimbursed. Life insurance made its debut in India well over 100 years ago. Today, it is widely accepted as one of the most attractive financial instruments in and individual's part police. That provides an assurance of security with attractive returns. Indians Insurance sector is expected to flow even faster than the country is overall economic growth opening up new business oversee across the industry

Electronic technology is one of the new challenge before customer relationship management. Electronic Customer Relationship Management (E-CRM) has become the latest trend in the world of Customer Relationship Management. E-CRM is becoming more and more necessary as businesses take to the web. This paper promotes the value of E-CRM, explores its benefits, outlines the focal points to address prior to implementation, outlines potential pitfalls during implementation and ways to avoid, takes a look at recent trends and presents a proven E-CRM success story. Electronic Customer Relationship Management (E-CRM) has attracted the attention of managers and academic researchers for the past several years. Issues of E-CRM have varied from marketing to information technology. While there are many concerns and efforts for successful management of customer relationship in the online environment, this study posits that the major components of E-CRM include increasing customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, minimizing customer dissatisfaction, resolving customer complaints and increasing product/service quality. This paper has reviewed the issues on E-CRM published over the past years that have involved major topics such as customer satisfaction etc. The study also reviewed customer loyalty and complaints that are consequences of customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The study provides implication both to researchers and businesses that a hybrid approach of marketing and information system perspectives leads successful E-CRM.

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of Suryanamaskar (sun salutations) on the selected physiological variables of paramilitary forces sportsperson of Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The sportsperson as subjects for this study were selected from the 6th Battalion, Provincial Armed Constabulary(P.A.C.) and 44th Battalion, Provincial Armed Constabulary(P.A.C.) of Meerut (U.P), India. A total of 40 male (20 from each Battalion) subjects were selected and used as one practice group. Suryanamaskar was considered as the Independent Variable and Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate, BMI and Breath holding capacity were considered the Dependent Variable. The statistical technique employed for this study was mean, standard deviation and paired't' test. The level of significance was tested at 0.05 level. A significant (p<.05) effect of Suryanamaskar was found in relation to Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate and Breath holding capacity. In case of BMI no significant difference was found at (p<.05) level after six week training. The independent variables were assessed before and after the training period.

The investigation was undertaken to study the gross, histological and histochemical changes that occur within the spleen of fish after treatment with cadmium chloride. Exposure to concentration of 8 ppm for 6 days and 22 days was carried out on the fish. Spleen in the treated fish showed necrosis, increased haemopoiesis with 8 ppm for 6 days and followed by decrease in haemopoietic activity after 22 days. Haemosiderin granules increase drastically after 22 days. The secretion of mucus appears to increase with the treatment. The glycogen activity increased after treatment with 8 ppm for 6 days but showed a decline after 22 days. The study has shown that alkaline phosphatase activity increases whereas the acid phosphatase activity decreases.

Literature has thousands of threads which can weave the beautiful piece of art. Each thread has its own importance in the creative work. In the same way, there are different narrative techniques for the narration of literature. Among the narrative techniques, Realism, in literature, is an approach that attempts to describe life without idealization or romantic subjectivity. Although realism is not limited to any one century or group of writers, it is most often associated with the literary movement in 19th-century France, specifically with the French novelists Flaubert and Balzac.

In this paper examine to the Indian Ocean Tsunami on 26 December 2004 has left coastal lands flattened and billions of dollars worth infrastructure, economic assets and materials were devastated. It had severe impacts on coastal fishing communities in Tamil Nadu destroying houses, boats, fishing gear, agricultural land and etc. The livelihood security of lakhs of costal rural folk who are directly dependent on marine fisheries has been shattered by destruction of their dwelling and more importantly their only means of earnings, namely, the craft and gear. The Andaman & Nicobar islands were the worst affected and among the coastal areas. Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry suffered the worst damage, some parts of Kerala and south Andhra Pradesh also experienced loss of human lives and property in India

Terrorism is the world's most crucial problem today. It is widely discussed issue. Eminent thinkers, writers and artists have presented this problem through their writings and arts. A series of writers have tried to deal this problem seriously in their literary works, for example, Khushwant Singh's 'Train to Pakistan' and Chaman Nahal's, 'Azadi' and so on. The novel 'Blowback' (2010), by Mukul Deva is a striking novel in this context. Therefore, it is intended to analyze this novel in this perspective. The paper gives detailed analysis of terrorist's ideology, its origin, its sources and its horrible effects on Indian society reflected in Mukul Deva's novel 'Blowback'.

As a matter of fact, we can analyze religion, politics and so on from many points of view. Of them, we can categorize the religion such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam and so on. And we have to separate those religions from each other, but without any religious discrimination. In my opinion, the present-world religious societies start to step forward to such a sense of equality within dichotomies with no harming each other. Therefore, the religious problems of today world have being gradually decreased to some extent so far

Intellectual property refers to creation of mind such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs and symbols, names and images used in commerce. An intellectual property, e.g. a patent, is an exclusive right granted for an invention which is a product or a process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem because of various financial, economic and social benefits attached to these creations, for the creator as well as for the general public. It becomes all the way more important to protect such creation. Intellectual property laws give exclusive rights to the owners for a variety of intangible assets in the form of patents law, trademarks act, copyrights, etc. The objective is to foster an environment in which creativity and innovation can flourish. However no law can be implemented without its awareness. The objective of the present article is to highlight the importance of protecting intellectual property and also to show the level of awareness regarding the intellectual property laws in Indian scenario especially in research institutes and universities. The article also shows the status of Indian Patent regime with the United States

The present paper aims to study the fishing industry, its prospects and sustainability in Goa.Fishing activities are playing an important role in the Goan economy and is one of the extractive occupations of mankind and older than agriculture. In fact, fish forms an integral part of Goan life and is a staple food. Indeed, people are so fond of fish that no meal is complete without fish dish. The per capita consumption of fish is higher than the National average. The State of Goa has an area of 3,702 square kilometres with the total population of 14, 57,723.It has a large coastline area of 105 km and a significant area of brackish water, which provides tremendous scope for development of fisheries in the State. Fishing and its allied activities are important sources of livelihood of the fishermen living in the State. Over the years, the State has experienced rapid mechanization in fishing. The Directorate of Fisheries deals with the registration of fishing vessels,fishing canoes/crafts and fishing nets, besides providing infrastructural facilities. It also implements various developmental as well as welfare schemes for the upliftment of the fishing industry and fishermen. The date has been collected from the Directorate of Fisheries, Goa and analytical method has been employed in the study.

The present paper aims to study the operational performance of KTCL and quality of service rendered to the commuters in comparison with private operators. In Goa a variety of mass transport facilities are available, including ferry and railway services. However, road transport plays an important position in the overall transport system of the State. The public transport in the state is handled by KTCL, a government undertaking and private operators simultaneously. The Corporation is rendering concessional services to various section of the society and thus discharging social obligation of the Government of providing economic mode of transport in the State.

The use of literature on celebrity endorsement is extensive. As an organization chooses to endorse a celebrity and allocates promotional budgets for its brand image building. The impact of such use of celebrity is not limited to company's image building. This study utilizes a factorial design to measure the; interaction of the use of celebrity endorsement, target market reaction, and its internal impact on the company, behavioral and attitudinal variables. The finding shows no significant difference for all variables between those organizations that have a celebrity endorsement and with those organizationsthatdo not have endorsement.The behavioral responses are consistently low with end user, but high attitudinal variable found with internal attitude of a company.

The paper attempts to highlight the traditional beliefs associated with the Baikho worship among the Rabha community. Through this paper the study emphasizes and analyses the reasons behind the continuity and change of this traditional worship in modern times. The study is based on the primary and secondary sources. To unearth the authenticity of the tradition of Baikhu worship, the field work was conducted at Nadiyapara, Goalpara, Assam and Pahem in West Garo hills in Meghalaya. For secondary source few printed books, magazines and souvenirs, published by the distinguished publishers and the reception committee of conferences such as Rabha Sahitya Parishad, All Rabha Students' Union, All Rabha Women Council etc were referred.

Since the 1990's women have been identified as key agents of sustainable development and women's equality and empowerment are seen as central to a more holistic approach towards establishing new patterns and processes of development that are sustainable. The World Bank has suggested that empowerment of women should be a key aspect of all social development programs (World Bank, 2001). Although a considerable debate on what constitutes empowerment exists, in this paper we find it useful to rely on Kabeer's (2001) definition: "The expansion in people's ability to make strategic life choices in a context where this ability was previously denied to them." For women in India, this suggests empowerment in several realms: personal, familial, economic and political.

Durga Puja held annually in autumn can be considered the major cultural festival of the Bengali community. The festival also known as 'Durgotsava' lasts for five days marking the triumph of good over evil. Before emerging at the 'barowari', Durga Puja was mostly a domestic affair conducted within the mansion walls of landed aristocrats, beyond the purview of the commoners. It is believed that the first 'Sarbojonin' Durga Puja was organized by Raja Nabakrishna Dev of Sovabazar in 1757 to felicitate Robert Clive on his victory over Siraj-ud-Daula in the Battle of Plassey. After this major shift the 'Sarbojonin' Durga Puja was undertaken by several 'paras' like the Bramhins of Guptipara, the Sanatan Dharmotshahini Sabha of Behala, Byam Samity of Simla and so on.

Durga Puja held annually in autumn can be considered the major cultural festival of the Bengali community. The festival also known as 'Durgotsava' lasts for five days marking the triumph of good over evil. Before emerging at the 'barowari', Durga Puja was mostly a domestic affair conducted within the mansion walls of landed aristocrats, beyond the purview of the commoners. It is believed that the first 'Sarbojonin' Durga Puja was organized by Raja Nabakrishna Dev of Sovabazar in 1757 to felicitate Robert Clive on his victory over Siraj-ud-Daula in the Battle of Plassey. After this major shift the 'Sarbojonin' Durga Puja was undertaken by several 'paras' like the Bramhins of Guptipara, the Sanatan Dharmotshahini Sabha of Behala, Byam Samity of Simla and so on.

-Land is a dynamic canvass on which human and natural systems interact. In this research an attempt has been made to study the general land use of Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra.Study of land use and land cover is very important in planning and development of any region. The present study is based on the secondary data sources mainly obtained from the socio-economic abstract of the district. The study reveals that the area under net sown area has shown a marginal increase from 1985-2005. The land under cultivable waste has declined by 1.96 percent. The land not available for cultivation has increased by 1.62 percent during study period. The fallow land has increased by 1.38 percent. Forest has declined by 3.36 percent in study area. This reveals the urgent need for land use planning in the study area.

The proper channel by which we can enable a women to overcome all the shackles and reach the mainstream is through inculcating awareness, economic independence, involvement in decision making and motivating her to participate in political affairs. 73rd and 74th amendments have really been a boon for participation of women in Indian Politics in general and Local Self Government in particular. It is the women who can feel the pulse of her village development as when a power is given to a woman she can administer effectively. Local Self Government as a system of governance at the grass root level in rural India has been rightly conceived as the most viable of proper mechanism of realizing goals of democracy and decentralization. Participation of women gained a momentum and recognition as a women's right. Thus study aims at understanding the elected women representative in Grama Panchayat about their political awareness and developmental initiativeness in participating in village political administration. For the study purpose 100 women elected member from President to members form Gram Panchayat has been selected for the study. After the data collection suitable analysis and interpretation has been done tailoring it for the requirement of the study. The study found that the elected representatives were not mere rubberstamps instead they fully used their capabilities in the active participation of village politics.